11/10/2023 0 Comments Levy 1985 optimism and pessimismThe influence of sleep-interruption and of sleep-deprivation on circadian rhythms in human performance. Possible links between the mood pattern obtained and biologically based circadian rhythms, which have been postulated to be dysregulated in depression and mania, are discussed.Īschoff, J., Giedke, H., Poppel, E., & Wever, R. Neither of the personality variables accounted for the significant variation in diurnal mood patterning, but clearly defined morning and evening types did show different patterns. Various potential sources of these individual differences-“morningness-eveningness,” introversion-extraversion, and neuroticism/dysphoria-were investigated. was shown to result from averaging across marked individual differences in the time of peak PA. The rise and fall of PA were quite robust across subjects, but the apparently static level of PA from noon to 9 p.m. Specifically, all components of PA rose sharply from early morning until noon, remained relatively constant until 9 p.m., and then fell rapidly. Significant diurnal variation was found to exist in overall Positive Affect, and in four component content areas, but not in Negative Affect. Subjects were 196 college students in two studies who completed a mood rating form approximately seven times a day for 1 week. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 235–251.We examined the circadian rhythm of two basic dimensions of mood-Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA). Dispositional optimism and coping: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 772–786. Optimism and resources: Effects on each other and on health over 10 years. Life-satisfaction is a momentary judgment and a stable personality characteristic: The use of chronically accessible and stable sources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1063–1078. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the life orientation test. ![]() Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Distinguishing optimism from pessimism in older adults: Is it more important to be optimistic or to not be pessimistic? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1345–1353. Robinson-Whelen, S., Kim, C., MacCallum, R., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42, 371–378. Become more optimistic by imagining a best possible self: Effects of a two week intervention. Optimistic attitudes protect against progression of carotid atherosclerosis in healthy middle-aged women. A., Räikkönen, K., Sutton-Tyrrell, K., & Kuller, L. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1067–1074. Distinguishing optimism from pessimism: Relations to fundamental dimensions of mood and personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 616–628. Discriminant validity of well-being measures. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15, 171–187. Coping and cognitive factors in adaptation to in vitro fertilization failure. ![]() ![]() The Journal of Social Psychology, 149, 249–263. Giving of a rosy glow: The manipulation of an optimistic orientation. European Psychologist, 10, 287–297.įosnaugh, J., Geers, A. Childhood roots of women’s subjective well-being: The role of optimism. Psychology and Aging, 16, 524–531.ĭaukantaite, D., & Bergman, L. Optimism, pessimism, and positive and negative affectivity in middle aged adults: A test of a cognitive-affective model of psychological adjustment. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 879–889.Ĭhang, E. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Ĭarver, C. Implications for theory, research, and practice (pp. Optimism, pessimism, and self-regulation. A stitch in time: Self-regulation and proactive coping.
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